Incorrect reference to figure: the role of caption and centering

Recently I wrote a document structured mostly as a bullet point and with a lot of figures.
Everything went fine except that occasionally the figures would be referred with the wrong number, altough no mistake was made in the code.
A part the already known problem of putting the label -after- the caption, it turned out that the responsable was also the \centering, by somehow messing up with the labeling system.
The solution is to use the center environment as a replacement of \centering (here demonstrated with multiple figures):

\begin{figure}[!ht]

\begin{center}

\subfigure[]{

\includegraphics[width = 0.4\textwidth]{figures/ImageA.JPG}}%

\subfigure[]{

\includegraphics[width = 0.4\textwidth]{figures/ImageB.JPG}}%

\\

\subfigure[]{

\includegraphics[width = 0.4\textwidth]{figures/ImageC.JPG}}%

\subfigure[]{

\includegraphics[width = 0.4\textwidth]{figures/ImageD.JPG}}%

\caption{Some caption.}

\end{center}

\label{SomeLabel}

\end{figure}

Problem solved!

Costumized Environments for the Beginning of Section

I want to have some kind of "direction" at the beginning of a section or a chapter, where I state what I want to describe.
I decided to have two different things, one as the "title" of the "direction" and the other one a list of concepts to be covered each one in a different paragraph.
Let's divide the problem in two parts, the "title".

First I tried to write a simple newcommand

\newcommand{\dira}[1]{\textcolor{OrangeRed}{#1}\\}

 The breaking line at the end \\ is necessary as I want to remark it is a "title".

Also, I chose OrangeRed as color, and to be able to use it I loaded the package xcolor with the options usenames and dvipsnames.

 Then I thought, why don't I center it, since it is a title:

\newcommand{\dira}[1]{\begin{center}\textcolor{OrangeRed}{#1}\end{center}}

Note there is no \\ anymore. I am not sure I will leave this way or the left aligned version.

The second problem, is also not so complicated. I want to define a new environment:

\newenvironment{dirb}%

{\color{Aquamarine}\begin{itemize}}%

{\end{itemize}%

\color{black}}

This makes a listing environment all colored in Aquamarine.

The final problem would be to put them together, so to call only once the "dir" command/environment, instead of \dira and \begin{dirb}...\end{dirb} as it is now.
Quick trials are not successful, I will have to think harder to find a solution.

New post series

This post is only for an announcement
So, it has been a while I am not writing here, two years or so...
I should start again, and what's best than doing so, when starting to write my dissertation?
Also, my dissertation is in English, it's too much effort to change language to write in the blog ^^

Linea su testo

Per creare del testo che abbia una linea sopra, e' necessario usare il pacchetto:

•  \usepackage{ulem}

e il comando  \sout{Frase o parole}. Il risultato sara' del tipo:

Frase o parole

Per evitare alcuni problemi con questo pacchetto, riguardo ad altri stili di scrittura (grassetto o corsivo, per esempio) si consiglia di usare l'opzione normalem:

•  \usepackage[normalem]{ulem}

Multirow e multicolumn

Utilizzando il pacchetto

• multirow

e' possibile costruire tabelle unendo celle adiacenti o sotto(sovra)stanti come nel seguente esempio attraverso l'uso del comando multirow vengono unite due celle incolonnate:

\begin{table}[POSIZIONE]
\centering
\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|}
\hline
\multirow{2}{*}{Sample} & $MW$ & $\varepsilon_{260}$ & \multirow{2}{*}{$pH$} & $c$ & Peak & \multirow{2}{*}{$\frac{OD_{260}}{OD_{280}}$}\\ %\hline
& $[g/mol]$ & $[l/mol\cdot cm]$ & & $[\mu M]$ & [$nm$] & \\ \hline
\end{tabular}
\caption{CAPTION}
\label{LABEL}
\end{table}

Quest'altro esempio invece mostra specificamente l'uso di multicolumn:

\begin{table}[POSIZIONE]
\centering\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|}
\hline
\multicolumn{3}{|c|}{Samples} \\ \hline
first base & second base & DNA \\ \hline
\end{tabular}
\caption{CAPTION}
\label{LABEL}
\end{table}

[POSIZIONE] e' l'usuale opzione per posizionare la figura nel documento:

• ! da priorita', 
• t significa top, metti la figura preferenzialmente in cima alla pagina, 
• b bottom, mettila in fondo, 
• h here, se riesci mettila proprio dove sta nel codice, 
• p significa page tieni una pagina intera per questa figura.

Setbeamercolor

\setbeamercolor{OPTION}{fg=COLOR,bg=COLOR}


fg: foreground
bg: background
 
OPTIONS:
 
abstract
abstract title
alerted text
author
author in head/foot
author in sidebar
background
background canvas
bibliography entry author
bibliography entry location
bibliography entry note
bibliography entry title
bibliography item
block body
block body alerted
block body example
block title
block title alerted
block title example
button
button border
caption
caption name
date
date in head/foot
date in sidebar
description item
enumerate item
enumerate subitem
enumerate subsubitem
example text
fine separation line
footline
framesubtitle
frametitle
frametitle right
headline
institute
institute in head/foot
institute in sidebar
item
item projected
itemize item
itemize subitem
itemize subsubitem
itemize/enumerate body
itemize/enumerate subbody
itemize/enumerate subsubbody
local structure
logo
lower separation line foot
lower separation line head
math text
math text displayed
math text inlined
middle separation line foot
middle separation line head
mini frame
navigation symbols
navigation symbols dimmed
normal text
normal text in math text
normal text in math text
page number in head/foot
palette primary
palette quaternary
palette secondary
palette sidebar primary
palette sidebar quaternary
palette sidebar secondary
palette sidebar tertiary
palette tertiary
part name
part title
qed symbol
quotation
quote
section in head/foot
section in sidebar
section in sidebar shaded
section in toc
section in toc shaded
section name
section number projected
section title
separation line
sidebar
sidebar left
sidebar right
structure
subitem
subitem projected
subsection in head/foot
subsection in sidebar
subsection in sidebar shaded
subsection in toc
subsection in toc shaded
subsection name
subsection number projected
subsection title
subsubitem
subsubitem projected
subsubsection in head/foot
subsubsection in sidebar
subsubsection in sidebar shaded
subsubsection in toc
subsubsection in toc shaded
subsubsection number projected
subtitle
title
title in head/foot
title in sidebar
titlegraphic
titlelike
upper separation line foot
upper separation line head
verse
 
 
source for the options

Figure multiple - sottofigure

Utilizzando il pacchetto

• subfigure

e' possibile affiancare o sovrappore piu' sottofigure nella stessa figura, di seguito il codice base:

\begin{figure}[posizione] \centering
\subfigure[caption sottofigura 1]{
           \includegraphics[opzioni] {subfigure1.eps} \label{label della sottofigura 1}
                                                         }% non mettere linee vuote perche' altrimenti le figure vengono messe una sopra l'altra invece che affiancate
\subfigure[caption sottofigura 1]{
           \includegraphics[opzioni] {subfigure1.eps} \label{label della sottofigura 1}
                                                         } \label{label dell'intera figura}
\caption{caption dell'intera figura}
\end{figure} 

[posizione] ed [opzioni] sono utilizzati nella stessa maniera del tradizionale ambiente \begin{figure} ... \end{figure}, cosi' come \label e \caption delle ultime tre righe, allo stesso modo il \label interno ai comandi \subfigure definisce l'etichetta delle sole sottofigure e l'opzionale caption tra parentesi quadre appena dopo il comando \subfigure definisce la loro didascalia.
Per sistemare le figure in maniera verticale, e' sufficiente inserire una doppia backslash ( \\ ) per mandare a capo, come nel seguente codice:

\begin{figure}[posizione] \centering
\subfigure[caption sottofigura 1]{
           \includegraphics[opzioni] {subfigure1.eps} \label{label della sottofigura 1}
                                                         }   \\
\subfigure[caption sottofigura 1]{
           \includegraphics[opzioni] {subfigure1.eps} \label{label della sottofigura 1}
                                                         } \label{label dell'intera figura}
\caption{caption dell'intera figura}
\end{figure}